Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aimed to develop an integrated principal performance appraisal model in the disruption era to evaluate the junior high school principal’s performance in Surabaya. The study used a research and development research design with a qualitative research approach. There were two stages undertaken namely the research stage aimed at exploring potentials and problems and analyzing the needs required in developing the appraisal model and the development stage aimed at developing a complete appraisal model along with a performance assessment tool and a performance e-report card. The performance appraisal model was developed following Sugiyono Model Level 1’s developmental research. The results of the development were in the form of a prototype model for evaluating the performance of school principals in the form of dimensions of performance targets and work behavior. The dimensions of the performance targets included the dimensions of Principal Leadership, Principal Technology Leadership, Implementation of Main Tasks, School Achievement, Personal Achievement, Civil Servant Discipline. The validation results of the performance target and work behavior instruments were valid, reliable, and very good. The developed prototype model was carried out in a limited trial on school principals, supervisors, and education experts. The result of the feasibility test for the entire principal performance appraisal prototype model was categorized very feasible and could be used to assess the performance of school principals.
Keywords
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
In submitting the manuscript to the International Journal of Educational Administration, Management, and Leadership (IJEAMaL), the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- The publication has been approved by the author(s) and by responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.
License and Copyright Agreement
Authors who publish with the International Journal of Educational Administration, Management, and Leadership (IJEAMaL) agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the International Journal of Educational Administration, Management, and Leadership (IJEAMaL) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the International Journal of Educational Administration, Management, and Leadership (IJEAMaL) published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or edit it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
References
- Alsuwaidi, M., Alshurideh, M., Al Kurdi, B., & Salloum, S. A. (2021). Performance appraisal on employees’ motivation: a comprehensive analysis. In Proceedings of the International Conference.
- Altun, B., & Sarkaya, P. Y. (2020). The actors of teacher supervision. Journal of Human Sciences, 17(1), 284-303.
- Andini, R. D. (2021). Strategi Pemimpin Dalam Digital Leadership Di Era Disrupsi Digital. Al-Irsyad: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Konseling, 11(1), 58-72.
- Antonopoulou, H., Halkiopoulos, C., Barlou, O., & Beligiannis, G. N. (2020). Leadership types and digital leadership in higher education: Behavioural data analysis from University of Patras in Greece. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 19(4), 110-129.
- Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S. (2020). Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers.
- Aruldoss, A., Kowalski, K. B., & Parayitam, S. (2021). The relationship between quality of work life and work-life-balance mediating role of job stress, job satisfaction and job commitment: evidence from India. Journal of Advances in Management Research, 18(1), 36-62.
- Bafadal, I., Nurabadi, A., Gunawan, I., Juharyanto, J., Ariyanti, N. S., Adha, M. A., ... & Burham, A. S. I. (2021, December). Moral-based learning leadership process in excellent school. In International Conference on Information Technology and Education (ICITE 2021) (pp. 272-277). Atlantis Press.
- Baglama, B., Evcimen, E., Altinay, F., Sharma, R. C., Tlili, A., Altinay, Z., ... & Celebi, M. (2022). Analysis of digital leadership in school management and accessibility of animation-designed game-based learning for sustainability of education for children with special needs. Sustainability, 14(13), 7730.
- Basham, L. (2018). Understanding Texas' Principal Evaluation Using McREL's Balance Leadership Framework: A Case Study of Principals and Their Adaptive Leadership Reflections (Doctoral dissertation, Texas Wesleyan University).
- Brownlow, M. B. (2018). 23 Illinois Administrative Code 50: Redefining the Formal Observation in Teacher Evaluation; A Policy Advocacy Document.
- Buckman, D. G., & Sloan, B. (2022). Repairing the Principal Pipeline: Does Hiring Type Slow the Leak?. International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation, 17(1), 1-22.
- Cieminski, A. B. (2018). Practices That Support Leadership Succession and Principal Retention. Education Leadership Review, 19(1), 21-41.
- Clarke, P., Ainscow, M., & West, M. (2023). Learning from difference: Some reflections on school improvement projects in three countries. In Improving schools and educational systems (pp. 77-89). Routledge.
- Daniëls, E., Hondeghem, A., & Dochy, F. (2019). A review on leadership and leadership development in educational s
- Darling-Hammond, L., & Oakes, J. (2021). Preparing teachers for deeper learning. Harvard Education Press.
- DiPaola, M., & Wagner, C. A. (2018). Improving instruction through supervision, evaluation, and professional development. IAP.
- Fahrisi, A. (2020). Kecerdasan Spiritual dan Pendidikan Islam. SPASI MEDIA.
- Farida, S. I. (2021). Manajemen sumber daya manusia.
- Fauzi, A., & Herminingsih, A. (2021). The Effect of Work Discipline, Motivation, and Compensation on Teacher Performance Smk Yuppentek 1 Tangerang. Dinasti International Journal of Management Science, 2(4), 517-536.
- Fitriyah, I., & Santosa, A. B. (2020). Kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam menghadapi era revolusi industri 4.0 untuk meningkatkan mutu sekolah. JMKSP (Jurnal Manajemen, Kepemimpinan, dan Supervisi Pendidikan), 5(1), 65-70.
- Francis, O. B. (2020). Appraisal of Veritable Leadership Characters Exhibited by Secondary School Principals: A Case of Osun State Secondary Schools, Nigeria.
- Girolami, A. (2021). A personal reflection on a career in teacher librarianship. Access, 35(4), 19-22.
- Gonzalez, N. D. (2023). A Program Evaluation of a System of Principal Evaluation (Doctoral dissertation, San Diego State University).
- Greany, T., & Earley, P. (Eds.). (2021). School leadership and education system reform. Bloomsbury Publishing.
- Gumus, A. M., Sa’adiya, A., Aisha, M., Gumus, A. M., Adamu, M. G., Aliyue, S., & Musa, A. (2022). Behavioural Factors Affecting Civil Servants’ Intention Towards Covid-19 Vaccination in Kaduna Polytechnic.
- Hustati, R. (2019). Implementasi Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Nomor 6 Tahun 2018 tentang Penugasan Guru Sebagai Kepala Sekolah dalam Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan Melalui Penguatan Peran Kepala Sekolah di Kabupaten Banyuasin dan Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir. Jurnal Sumber Daya Aparatur, 1(1).
- Kasali, R. (2018). The great shifting. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
- Kaye, B. A. (2020). Perceptions of Illinois Superintendents Regarding Implementation of Principal Evaluation Instruments After Senate Bill 7 Authorizations (Doctoral dissertation, Loyola University Chicago).
- Keller, S., & Meaney, M. (2018). Successfully transitioning to new leadership roles. McKinsey Quarterly.
- Khanyi, J. G., & Naidoo, P. (2020). PRINCIPALS'ROLE IN LEADERSHIP CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT OF POST LEVEL ONE TEACHERS FOR SCHOOL LEADERSHIP. Perspectives in education, 38(2), 168-184.
- Kuratko, D. F., & Morris, M. H. (2018). Corporate entrepreneurship: A critical challenge for educators and researchers. Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy, 1(1), 42-60.
- Lim, C. H., & Teoh, A. P. (2021). Predicting the Influence of Digital Leadership on Performance of Private Higher Education Institutions: Evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 10(1), 1-38.
- Lisi, D. J. (2021). Leading at the Speed of Learning: Superintendent Leadership of P-12 Technology During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
- Luthans, F., Luthans, B. C., & Luthans, K. W. (2021). Organizational behavior: An evidence-based approach fourteenth edition. IAP.
- Merritt, A. B., & Wang, Y. (2022). Destructive Leaders in Schools: Can They Be Instructional Leaders?. NASSP Bulletin, 106(2), 109-132.
- Mohamad, N. A. (2022). Confirmatory Factor Analysis on Technology Leadership Measurement. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6125-6137.
- Moon, K. (2019). Specificity of performance appraisal feedback, trust in manager, and job attitudes: A serial mediation model. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 47(6), 1-12.
- Mulyasa, H. E. (2022). Manajemen dan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah. Bumi Aksara.
- Musid, N. A., Matore, M. E. E. M., & Hamid, A. H. A. (2022). Digital Leadership with The Constructs Diversity: A Systematic Literature Review. Mathematical Statistician and Engineering Applications, 71(4), 2182-2202.
- Nababan, T. M., Purba, S., Batu, J. S. L., & Sianipar, G. (2021, November). School Leadership Strategies in the Digital Era. In 6th Annual International Seminar on Transformative Education and Educational Leadership (AISTEEL 2021) (pp. 103-106). Atlantis Press.
- O'Neill Jr, R. J., & Nalbandian, J. (2018). Change, complexity, and leadership challenges. Public Administration Review, 78(2), 311-314.
- Oberer, B., & Erkollar, A. (2018). Leadership 4.0: Digital leaders in the age of industry 4.0. International journal of organizational leadership.
- Pittman, J., Severino, L., DeCarlo-Tecce, M. J., & Kiosoglous, C. (2021). An action research case study: Digital equity and educational inclusion during an emergent COVID-19 divide. Journal for Multicultural Education, 15(1), 68-84.
- Putra, A. E., Rohman, M. T., Linawati, L., & Hidayat, N. (2023). Pengaruh Literasi Digital terhadap Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru. Murhum: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 4(1), 201-211.
- Ramirez, M. R., Gower, A. L., Brown, C., Nam, Y. S., & Eisenberg, M. E. (2023). How do schools respond to biased-based bullying? A qualitative study of management and prevention strategies in schools. School Mental Health, 15(2), 508-518.
- Ridho, M. R., Lesmana, I., Safitri, H. D. A., Meirani, R. K., & Prestiadi, D. (2023, February). Digital Leadership in the Scope of Education. In International Conference on Educational Management and Technology (ICEMT 2022) (pp. 52-61). Atlantis Press.
- Rosita, R., & Iskandar, S. (2022). Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah di Era Digital. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(4), 6005-6011.
- Sebastian, J., Allensworth, E., Wiedermann, W., Hochbein, C., & Cunningham, M. (2019). Principal leadership and school performance: An examination of instructional leadership and organizational management. Leadership and policy in schools, 18(4), 591-613.
- Sengupta, M., & Sengupta, N. (2018). Perception of the middle-level managers on 360-degree feedback process: an empirical study. Journal of Organisation and Human Behaviour, 7(4), 51.
- Setyawan, D., & Santosa, A. B. (2021). Kompetensi Kepala Sekolah dan Guru sebagai Basis Pencapaian Mutu Pendidikan. Edukatif: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 3(5), 3269-3276.
- Sheninger, E. (2019). Digital leadership: Changing paradigms for changing times. Corwin Press.
- Stone, R. J., Cox, A., & Gavin, M. (2020). Human resource management. John Wiley & Sons.
- Sunarsi, D., Rohaeni, N., Wulansari, R., Andriani, J., Muslimat, A., Rialmi, Z., ... & Fahlevi, M. (2020). Effect of e-leadership style, organizational commitment and service quality towards indonesian school performance. Syst. Rev. Pharm, 11, 472-481.
- Tanucan, J. C. M., Negrido, C. V., & Malaga, G. N. (2022). Digital leadership of school heads and job satisfaction of teachers in the Philippines during the pandemic. International journal of learning, teaching and educational research, 21(10), 1-18.
- Taylor, A. C. (2021). The Efficacy of a University Principal Preparation Program in the Southeastern Region of the United States as Measured by Educational Leadership Standards Found in a National Test, Internship Assessments, and Cumulative Grade Point Average (Doctoral dissertation, Regent University).
- Uno, H. B., & Nina Lamatenggo, S. E. (2022). Teori kinerja dan pengukurannya. Bumi Aksara.
- Usman, H. (2022). Manajemen: Teori, Praktik, dan Riset Pendidikan Edisi 4. Bumi Aksara.
- Zondo, R. W. (2018). The influence of a 360-degree performance appraisal on labour productivity in an automotive manufacturing organisation. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 21(1), 1-7.
- Борисенко, Н. (2018). “Barometers” of Influence, or Factors Which Have the Greatest Impact on Learning. A Review of John C. Hattie (2009) Visible Learning: A Synthesis of Over 800 Meta-Analyses Relating to Achievement. Вопросы образования/Educational Studies Moscow, (1), 257-265.