Error Analysis in Short Fiction Translation from Indonesian into English

This study aims to determine the types of errors in translating short fiction. The researcher used a qualitative descriptive study with 25 students of English Literature at Makassar State University. Data collection was carried out from a test to find out what types of errors were in the results of each student's translation. Based on the results of the study it was found that there were 4 types of errors in the students' translation results, namely Omission, Addition, Misinformation and Misordering. In Week 1 there were 72 omission errors, 60 addition errors, 82 misinformation and 16 misordering errors. In week 2 there were 53 omission errors, 54 addition errors, 56 misinformation errors and 13 Misordering. The last test in week 3 was Omission with 30 errors, Addition with 39 errors, misinformation with 31 errors and misordering with 3 errors. Finally, the researcher concluded that most students were still confused about using grammar and understanding words because of the influence of the First Language and the lack of competence in the rules or structure of the Second Language.


INTRODUCTION
The translation is an activity that aims to interpret the meaning of a text from one language to another.In translation, the context of the text needs to be understood well so that the results of the translation can be interpreted properly and can convey the intent of the message.According to Assemi, A., & Dehghan, S. S. (2012) communication comes from the target language text.This requires the use of various styles of language as well as aspects of constructing a translation framework.Newmark (1988) argues that there are many obstacles that a person experiences in making texts.This is because Indonesian and English have different language structures, so there are many errors in interpreting a text.Until now, students still find it difficult to translate texts which makes them often produce translation errors.Many factors cause students to be wrong which results in misinterpretation.The most common is the use of grammar, which is based on differences in structure or knowledge of the target language.
Students in schools and universities have received learning about translation, but there are still many students who often make error that causes the translation imperfect, such as unclear, ambiguous, and deviating from context.Seeing these problems, the researcher is trying to find out the types of errors made by students in translations and the difficulties that make students unable to translate well.The use of short stories as a medium can help students to be able to distinguish the use of grammar, as well as understand a context in the text.From the results of the text, it will be seen how far the students' ability in transferring language, so that later the teacher can apply appropriate teaching techniques that can improve students' abilities and skills.

Translation
Translation is generally a process of interpreting one language into another.In the process of translation, we can see the process of change and the connections created by the two different languages.House (2015) states that translation is the result of a textual linguistic process by contextualizing a language into the target language.Simplify Munday (2010) defines that translation is the process of transferring the written text language from the source language (SL) to the target language (TL).

Error
Errors in essence with structural deviations have similarities with mistakes, but actually, error and mistake have different things.Brown (2007) defines Errors and Mistakes as two deviations that have different meanings and concepts.Errors as stated by Brown refer to incompatibilities or imperfections in producing the target language associated with individual competence.Errors in analyzing or translating are common learning things for learners.Learning a second language is a process that involves making fail and a learner will immediately connect with new vocabulary, new grammatical patterns, and pronunciations that are different from the learner's mother tongue.According to Corded (1967) Error is a systematic deviation that occurs by native speakers.This relates to errors in identifying the occurrence, characteristics, causes, and sequences of failed language.
In his statement, Dulay (1982) states that there are several types of errors which are types that fall into the taxonomy category.These errors are as follows: a. Omission Omission is an error characterized by missing items or particles in a sentence which makes the sentence less and incomplete.There are several aspects found: students tend to omit the ending s/es for the singular verb and plural, omission of 'to be' in sentences that should use to be, omission of auxiliary verbs, omission of the article a/ an for singular nouns and omission of prepositions b.Addition Addition is an item that does not need to appear in a sentence or speech because it does not fit the context or grammar.The wrong word or phrase needs to be removed to produce the correct sentence.There are three types of addition errors as follows.According to Dulay et al Addition is divided into 3 categories, namely double marking, regularization, and simple addition.c.Misinformation This is marked by the wrong placement of morphemes or groups of morphemes, both word order and word writing (misspelling).Errors in the arrangement of these elements will lead to misinterpretation and of course make the text inaccurate.

d. Misordering
The next error is misordering, which is an error in the arrangement of the word elements in the sentence.This is marked by the wrong placement of morphemes or group of morphemes, both word order and word writing (misspelling).Errors in the arrangement of these elements will lead to misinterpretation and of course make the text inaccurate.

Short Fiction
Lazar (1993) states that fiction is a short story.More focus is on the imagination of the author and the moral message in it.The contents of short fiction are literary works that contain fictional stories or are based on imagination-based "fantasy" fantasies that are not based on actual events but only rely on the imagination of the author's factual experience.The author's imagination is processed based on his assessment of various events, experiences, insights, views, interpretations, knowledge, realities, and events that are purely fictitious.
Based on the explanation above, the researcher chose fairy tales because it is a type of short fiction that has many choices of figurative words.It has an imaginative character so that the words used have many symbolic meanings and idioms.

METHOD
In this research, the participant was the students of English Education, Faculty of Language and Literature, The State University of Makassar.The total of the student in this research were 30 students in one class.Then during the research, the researcher determined 25 students to become participants by considering the results of the translation.In this research, the researcher used a test to find the types of errors made by students in the results of the translation of Indonesian into English.The test is a type of written test where students will do the translation.

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS The Kinds of Error in Students' Short fiction translation
In this section the researcher identified what types of errors were found in the translation results by each student and then explained them by making a table that included student's test results on translation.The errors were classified into 4 types: Omission, addition, misinformation, misordering.Based on the table 1, the researcher found that there was a total of 509 errors found in 25 students for the whole of 3 weeks.The types of errors found include Omission, Addition, misinformation and misordering.The results of the analysis show that the number of errors for the first week is 230 errors, the second week is 176 and the third week is 103.The total number and the percentage of each error type are explained as follows: = 6.28% Based on table 2 the researcher found 509 errors in the six-semester students from English Literature, The State University of Makassar.It can be inferred that the highest frequency of errors is Misinformation.Then the researcher found 155 errors of Omission with a total percent of 30.45%, 153 errors of Clarity with a total percent of 30.05%, and 32 errors of Misordering with a total percent of 6.28%.The pie chart covers the highest until the lowest rank as follows: a. Omission The researcher found that there were several omissions in the students' translation results.Students omit a sentence element that should be there to make the sentence grammatically correct.1. Student Omission errors in "Singular-Plural" Student 2

Omission 23%
Misordering 8% SL: Suatu hari ibunya memintanya untuk mengantarkan sekeranjang barang ke rumah neneknya.TL: One day, her mother asked her to take a wolf and a basket of goods to her grandmother's house Correction: One day, her mother asked her to bring a basket of goods to her grandmother's house Overall, from the description and explanation of each of these errors, it can be informed that the type of error that is most commonly found in student work results is Missinformation.This can be seen in students using the wrong pronouns, using inappropriate subject elements, and misspelling each word so that the meaning of the message in the text cannot be conveyed properly.Furthermore, after examining all the results, students can be informed that Misordering is the type of error that has the least number of errors found from other types of errors.Misordering in students' translation results is more directed at the arrangement of morphemes and words that are not in the correct order and position.But behind that, understanding the meaning of the text can still be understood.

CONCLUSIONS
After analyzing the data, the researcher stated that there were 3 important points as follow: 1.Based on the results, the researcher found that there were 4 types of errors found in the translation results of The State University of Makassar students, namely Omission, Addition, Misinformation, and Misordering.The test is given to students once in 3 weeks, and the cumulative number is that in Week 1 there are 72 errors in omission, addition is 60 errors, misinformation is 82 errors and misordering is 16 errors.In week 2, the error on omission was 53, addition was 54 errors, misinformation was 56 errors and misordering was 13 errors.The last test in week 3 was Omission with 30 errors, Addition with 39 errors, misinformation with 31 errors and misordering with 3 errors.2. The researcher found that Missinformation was the most common type of error found in student translation results and Misordering was the least found type of error.

Table 1 .
The Recapitulation of students' errors

Table 2 .
The Frequency and Percentage Type of Error Addition' were found such as the addition of a suffix s/es, the addition of the -ing after modal, and the addition of 'to be'. 1. Student Addition errors of 'Double Marking' Student 23 SL: Alkisah, hiduplah seorang gadis kecil yang suka memakai kerudung merah, sehingga semua orang memanggilnya Little Riding Hood TL: Once Upon a time, there is a little girl that love wear a red riding hood that everyone called her little red Riding hood.Correction: Once Upon a time, there is a little girl who loved to wear a red riding hood that everyone called her little red Riding hood.Once upon a time, there are lived a little girl who liked to wear a red veil Correction: Once upon a time, there lived a little girl who liked to wear a red hood TL: Once upon a time, there a little girl who liked to wear a red hood Correction: Once upon a time, there was a little girl who liked to wear a red hood Student 18 SL: Kini setelah malam itu para elf tidak pernah muncul lagi, meski begitu kedua pasangan tersebut tetap bersyukur TL: Now after that night the elves have never appeared again, even so the two couples still grateful Correction: Now after that night, the elves have never appeared again, even so, the couple was still grateful 3. Student Omission errors in 'Article' Student 1 SL: Pada zaman dahulu, hiduplah seorang gadis kecil, yang suka mengenakan kerudung merah.TL: Once Upon the time, there is a little girl who likes to wear a red hood Correction: Once Upon a time, there was a little girl who likes to wear a red hood