Main Article Content
Abstract
This study investigates how project-based and collaborative learning management is integrated into the Pancasila Student Profile at State Junior High School 8 Satap Alla, a remote public school in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The research aims to describe the implementation of integrated project-based and collaborative learning, identify the challenges encountered, and analyse its impact on students’ character formation. A qualitative descriptive case study design was employed, with data collected through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews with teachers, school leaders and students, as well as document analysis of lesson plans and school policies. Data were analysed using thematic procedures involving data condensation, display and conclusion drawing. The findings show that project-based and collaborative learning has been institutionalised into a three-stage cycle of planning, implementation and evaluation–reflection, in which teachers design contextual projects, facilitate active group work and guide students’ reflective review of their learning processes. The implementation, however, faces interrelated challenges in teacher readiness, uneven student participation and limited facilities that require continuous adaptation of project design and classroom management. Despite these constraints, the integrated approach contributes positively to the development of key dimensions of the Pancasila Student Profile, particularly collaboration (gotong royong), critical and creative thinking and learner independence, although these character outcomes are still emerging unevenly across different students and groups. The study concludes that sustained support for teacher professional development, student collaboration skills and school infrastructure is needed to optimise the transformative potential of project-based and collaborative learning in similar rural contexts.
Keywords
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
In submitting the manuscript to the International Journal of Educational Administration, Management, and Leadership (IJEAMaL), the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- The publication has been approved by the author(s) and by responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.
License and Copyright Agreement
Authors who publish with the International Journal of Educational Administration, Management, and Leadership (IJEAMaL) agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the International Journal of Educational Administration, Management, and Leadership (IJEAMaL) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the International Journal of Educational Administration, Management, and Leadership (IJEAMaL) published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or edit it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
References
- Acim, T. M., & Sopacua, J. (2024). Pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning dalam upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar pada SMA Negeri 3 Maluku Tengah. JIM: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Sejarah, 9(4), 566–580. https://doi.org/10.24815/jimps.v9i4.32918
- Amanullah, A. S. R., Syarifah, S. N., & Rachma, Z. S. (2023). Penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek dalam Kurikulum Merdeka untuk PAUD. Jurnal Almurtaja: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini, 2(2), 1–9.
- Brookfield, S. D. (2017). Becoming a critically reflective teacher (2nd ed.). Jossey-Bass.
- Departemen Agama RI. (2019). Al-Qur’an dan terjemahnya. Lajnah Pentashihan Mushaf Al-Qur’an.
- Dewey, J. (1938). Experience and education. Kappa Delta Pi.
- Faslia, F., Aswat, H., & Aminu, N. (2023). Pelibatan model Project Based Learning pada pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) menuju Pelajar Pancasila pada jenjang Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 7(6), 3895–3904. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v7i6.6623
- Fathurrohman, M. (2023). Manajemen pembelajaran berbasis profil Pelajar Pancasila. SINDA: Comprehensive Journal of Islamic Social Studies, 3(3), 25–35. https://doi.org/10.28926/sinda.v3i3.1139
- Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.
- Guo, P., Saab, N., Post, L. S., & Admiraal, W. (2020). A review of project-based learning in higher education: Student outcomes and measures. International Journal of Educational Research, 102, 101586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101586
- Hmelo-Silver, C. E., & Chinn, C. A. (2015). Collaborative learning. In L. Corno & E. M. Anderman (Eds.), Handbook of educational psychology (2nd ed., pp. 203–214). Routledge.
- Huang, X., & Lajoie, S. P. (2023). Social emotional interaction in collaborative learning: Why it matters and how can we measure it? Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 7(1), 100447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100447
- Indarti, L. (2020). Manajemen pembelajaran. Guepedia.
- Irawati, D. (2022). Profil Pelajar Pancasila sebagai upaya mewujudkan karakter bangsa. Edumaspul: Jurnal Pendidikan, 6(1), 1224–1238. https://doi.org/10.33487/edumaspul.v6i1.3622
- Johnson, D. W., Johnson, R. T., & Holubec, E. J. (2008). Cooperation in the classroom (8th ed.). Interaction Book Company.
- Juliani, A. J., & Bastian, A. (2023). Pendidikan karakter sebagai upaya mewujudkan profil Pelajar Pancasila. Cendekia: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan, 3(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.51878/cendekia.v3i1.1950
- Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. (2020). Kurikulum Merdeka. Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
- Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi. (2022). Dimensi, elemen, dan subelemen profil Pelajar Pancasila pada Kurikulum Merdeka. Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi.
- Larmer, J., Mergendoller, J., & Boss, S. (2015). Setting the standard for project based learning: A proven approach to rigorous classroom instruction. ASCD.
- Maros, M., Kováčová, M., & Hudáková, M. (2023). Project-based learning and its effectiveness: Evidence from Slovakia. Interactive Learning Environments, 31(7), 4147–4155. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.1954036
- Masitoh, S., Muhdi, M., & Wuryandini, E. (2024). Penguatan profil Pelajar Pancasila dimensi berkebinekaan global melalui budaya sekolah di SD Islam Terpadu Harapan Bunda Semarang. Didaktik: Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD FKIP Universitas Mandiri, 10(2), 136–150.
- Mery, M., Ismail, I., & Yanti, H. (2022). Sinergi peserta didik dalam proyek penguatan profil Pelajar Pancasila. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(5), 7840–7849. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i5.3617
- Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE.
- Muliawan, P. (2024). Analisis penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka dalam pengajaran Bahasa Indonesia: Tinjauan literatur terhadap isu dan tantangan terkini. JICN: Jurnal Intelek dan Cendikiawan Nusantara, 1(5), 7932–7942.
- Rusnaini, R. (2021). Intensifikasi profil Pelajar Pancasila dan implikasinya terhadap ketahanan pribadi siswa. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 27(2), 230–245. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.67613
- Sakhiyya, Z., & Rahmawati, Y. (2021). Overview of education in Indonesia. In L. P. Symaco & M. Hayden (Eds.), International handbook on education in South East Asia (pp. 1–25). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8136-3_27-1
- Schön, D. A. (1983). The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action. Basic Books.
- Septiany, S., Darmayanti, M., & [Penulis ketiga]. (2024). Pengembangan proyek penguatan profil Pelajar Pancasila (P5) sebagai upaya penguatan karakter siswa sekolah dasar: Implementasi dan tantangan. Jurnal Pemikiran dan Pengembangan Sekolah Dasar, 12(2), 170–189.
- Taupik, R. P., Desyandri, D., & Irdamurni, I. (2023). Pengaruh media tradisional Project Based Learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa sekolah dasar berbasis teori pendidikan John Dewey. Jurnal IKA: Ikatan Alumni PGSD UNARS, 13(1), 91–98.
- Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
- Wang, S. (2023). Study of junior high school English reading teaching on Project-Based Learning. Journal of Education and Educational Research, 3(2), 218–223. https://doi.org/10.54097/jeer.v3i2.9308.